The early primary: not actually all that early.
Kari Chisholm
In Oregon, the fight for an early presidential primary continues.
HB 2084, which would hold a special presidential primary on February 5th 2008, was advanced from the Oregon House Committee on Elections, Ethics and Rules to Ways and Means where they can consider the cost of such an election. The measure seeks a fix for the 2008 Presidential race and doesn’t commit Oregon to such an early date for future elections.
If we have a primary on the first allowable day, the Democratic National Committee (DNC) claims they will likely find us in violation of their rules, counting the day ballots first start arriving in mailboxes as our Election Day. This however appears in direct conflict with their own rules that define a “first determining state” as “the date of the primary in primary states...” Federal litigation has defined Oregon’s Election Day as the date that ballots are due.
Not only that, but it's not like Oregon would be the only state skipping ahead of Iowa, Nevada, New Hampshire, and South Carolina.
Do you know which state will cast ballots first? North Carolina. On December 18, 2007.
Then, New Jersey voters will start voting on December 28, 2007. Oklahoma will open the new year on January 6, 2008. California will start two days later on January 8. And then on January 14, as Iowa holds its caucus, Illinois and Florida voters will start voting. (Here's the full PDF chart, courtesy of consulting firm MSHC.)
If Oregon moves Election Day up to February 5, then Oregon voters will start voting on January 18.
It's hard to imagine that the DNC could logically punish Oregon for doing what so many other states have already done. After all, 3.9 million Californians will have their ballots in hand a month before their official February 5 election day.
Critics write off HB 2084 off by saying that so many other states are moving up, Oregon won't make a bit of difference. Maybe, maybe not. Just last month, the Associated Press determined that Oregon is the second-best microcosm of the nation as a whole:
In an analysis of U.S. Census data, The Associated Press concluded this week that Oregon ranked behind only Illinois as the state best mirroring the country as a whole. The analysis looked at 21 demographic factors in seven broad areas.States with early political primaries, such as New Hampshire and Iowa, have huge clout in choosing presidential candidates, but they're far from average. They don't look much like the rest of the nation, wrote Stephen Ohlemacher, the AP reporter who did the analysis. A better bellwether might be average states, such as Illinois and Oregon, that are most representative of the country.
If it wouldn’t matter that Oregon held a vote by mail Presidential Primary on February 5th, why would the DNC be so concerned? At least two candidates have already visited Oregon and held campaign events here, despite the late timing of our election, currently scheduled for May 20th. Senator John Edwards has already even done an ad buy in Oregon. If we moved to February 5th, Oregon would not be ignored. We're a swing state, after all.
Here's another benefit: Local jurisdictions will be jumping over themselves to put money measures on the ballot. After all, our double majority law requires 50% turnout and a 50% yes vote in order to pass local revenue measures. Just how many Oregonians would come out of the woodwork to vote in an early Presidential Primary (the first one in a generation in Oregon to matter)? I think voter turnout would easily shoot into the mid-eighties, if not higher.
So, yeah, critics can point to the potential cost of this election (approximately $2.8 million dollars) - but if local governments get one more election to offer voters money measures, it'll be worth it. And don't forget, most local jurisdictions would cancel the March ballot in lieu of a February 5th election.
The potential benefit is huge. We will get to vote for any candidate running, not just a couple who survive Iowa, Nevada, New Hampshire, and South Carolina. And do you really think that candidates who will already be campaigning in California won’t set up shop in Oregon and make numerous trips to try to earn not only our votes but the media attention that comes along with winning a swing state?
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Jun 11, '07
Someone should check with the other states who recently moved their primaries up to see if indeed the Dem. Party found them in violation and what, if any, the consequences were.
7:52 a.m.
Jun 11, '07
Chasing the front of the primary vote is a fool's game. No one will give serious consideration to Oregon's paltry vote on February 5th. The more states do it the less relevant the Oregon vote is.
I think that there is just as much of a chance that the election will not be settled in February like everyone believes. With so many candidates there is a reasonable chance that no one will be over the magic number and they will still be chasing votes. This may be more likely on the Republican side, but I wouldn't rule it out for the Dems. Then the individual states who haven't voted will get more attention than the Feb. 5th crowd.
Jun 11, '07
There was a recent piece in the London Financial Times demonstrating how States' moving to earlier and earlier primaries has lead to a significantly more expensive election. It makes sense: you can only reach so many States in person; the only way to saturate a nationwide audience at the same time is through advertising, which is much more expensive.
This is at least an issue to consider before jumping on the early primary bandwagon, and I am not sold yet. If you are mildly concerned about money in politics, this issue should give you some pause.
Jun 11, '07
I'm ready to cast my absentee ballot January 7th or 8th whichever it is for John Edwards in California. I was hoping Iowa would influence our votes but this crazy system is going to nominate the Democrats another candidate I probably don't want. Thanks
9:06 a.m.
Jun 11, '07
I'm sympathetic with the DNC's impulse to try to create a coherent primary schedule and avert the free-for-all. Unfortunately, that particular horse has LONG left the barn. Given that it will be a free-for-all in '08, Oregon should look out for itself.
As a matter of good practice, I like the idea of regional primaries, where blocks of states would vote together. That makes a lot more sense for the coherence of the election and it would subvert the over-emphasis we place on non-representative small states early in the process. It would also make it easier for candidates to phase their campaigns and save a little wear and tear--helpful for the candidate during the general.
Jun 11, '07
"I think that there is just as much of a chance that the election will not be settled in February like everyone believes."
If this is true, then perhaps... just perhaps, we can actually have a convention mean something instead of just a propaganda stunt. Gone are the days when you weren't quite sure who the nominee would be until the convention.
While I detest the idea of the increase in money spent, the point of this move is NOT to increase Oregon's stature, but to decrease Iowa and NH's. Let's get that straight here.
9:31 a.m.
Jun 11, '07
With CA going early, there is good reason to assume candidates will kill two west-state birds with one trip and work for OR's votes...especially the Democrats.
Jun 11, '07
Personally, I'd rather see Oregon's primary two or three weeks after the pig pile. If the primary isn't settled on February 5th, Oregon's delegates suddenly become critical. At that point, Oregon gets A LOT of attention from candidates still standing.
Jun 11, '07
And do you really think that candidates who will already be campaigning in California won’t set up shop in Oregon and make numerous trips to try to earn not only our votes but the media attention that comes along with winning a swing state?
I absolutely think that candidates will ignore Oregon when they have a dozen more populous states to campaign in. For that matter, many of the bigger states will be largely ignored because Iowa and the other three first states will dominant the candidates' schedules right up until late Jan. We had an early GOP primary in '06 and Bob Dole campaigned here for only one day.
I agree with "djk" that our only hope for significance is to go later (I say stick with May) and if Feb 5th didn't settle it, we will have far more leverage than if we were bunched up with CA, OH, NY and others.
12:27 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
"I absolutely think that candidates will ignore Oregon when they have a dozen more populous states to campaign in."
But the most populous is right next door, and is geographically separated from all of the others. In other words, everybody will be spending time in California, and they'll have to make a special trip to do it. Just like baseball teams schedule all their west coast opponents on the same trip, if there's votes to be gotten elsewhere on the West Coast without making a major detour, the candidates will do it.
1:03 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
Once again, folks, it's critical to note the STARTING date for voting - not the ending date.
Sure, a bunch of states are moving up to Feb 5.... but for most of them, most voters will vote on Feb 5.
If Oregon moves to Feb 5, then most voters will cast votes on Jan 18.
VBM behavior is substantially different on single-issue ballots than on regular ballots -- esp. a high profile one, like a presidential election.
In 1996, when Oregonians were voting in a January special election between Wyden and Smith, roughly 50% of voters cast their ballots on the first day. Roughly 50% of the remaining cast their ballots each day after. (For the scientists in the room, that's a half-life of one day.)
Given that 3.9 million Californians will start voting on January 8... expect Oregon and California to get lots of attention in early/mid-January.
By Feb 5, they will - of course - have moved on to other states... but that's three weeks later.
1:16 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
Come on Kari, you can do better than that. Just because the voting starts earlier means nothing because the votes don't get released until Feb. 5th and there is no publicity for the winning candidate that will help sway voters in the states that count. If candidates are giving up on straw polls in Iowa so that they can focus resources in the big states why whould they show up for a poll in Oregon that nobody will see until it is buried in super Tuesday.
And Torridjoe, just because candidates are in California doesn't mean the flight to Oregon is worthwhile. Keep in mind that the entire population of Oregon fits on the San Francisco penisula. The candidates will stop by Northern California, not Oregon, on their visits to Southern California.
1:21 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
First of all, (and I'm fond of saying this) the DNC wanted to fix our presidential primary system in the worst way, and did.
Despite the best efforts of the DNC, it's now every state for itself, and the DNC is in a corner.
I agree with Jeff on a regional primary system. So does nearly everybody else. Actually, I have never talked with anyone who doesn't like a regional primary system. The problem is: Our election systems are state-by-state, and states will support their own interests first. We'd have to go to a national system, which would create other problems, including a serious threat to vote-by-mail.
Dean has announced that the Florida Democrats will be penalized if they have the early primary and use it to apportion their delegation. The DPO has been notified that our delegation would likely be penalized if our primary moves to Feb. 5, because the DNC's Rules Committee believes that our universal earlier distribution of ballots constitutes an early election day. That penalty would be half of our pledged delegates and alternates, and all of our DNC members. Florida faces the same penalty.
We can argue whether a Feb. 5 Oregon presidential primary would constitute a violation of DNC rules. If the Legislature moves the primary to Feb. 5, and if the DNC follows through on its warning, then we will have a chance to defend our primary. We will take that opportunity. There are some sympathetic members of the DNC Rules Committee, and we may carry the day.
If we don't, we will probably need to go to a caucus system. In the past, in response to Matthew Sutton, three states have moved their primary to a day earlier than the DNC allowed, and all went to caucuses to protect their delegations.
There's some talk of the DNC bluffing, but I wouldn't count on that. I'm not sure that talk is anything more than wishful thinking. There's some pretty tough folks on the DNC Rules Committee -- there aren't many of us in tiny Oregon who would last more than a couple rounds with them.
On the other hand, we aren't the DNC's biggest problem, and as long as there's a state of Florida (or California, or Michigan or [insert large state name here]), we won't ever be.
States have the right to set their election laws. The DNC has the right to set the rules for the convention. As a member of the DNC, and chair of the DPO Rules Committee, I'm trying to make sure we have a process that fits within both sets of rules.
1:35 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
Come on Kari, you can do better than that. Just because the voting starts earlier means nothing because the votes don't get released until Feb. 5th and there is no publicity for the winning candidate that will help sway voters in the states that count.
Yeah, that's a factor -- and a tough one.
That said, I think the novelty factor of vote-by-mail will cause at least one (if not more) national pollsters to do something they've never been able to do before... do a poll of people who have returned ballots. Essentially, a statistically valid "exit" poll.
The Oregonian won't do that in our regular elections -- and that's probably a good thing. But I don't think the national media will be able to withstand the temptation.
Jun 11, '07
Question that those of you with more background than I in election law/history can perhaps answer....I've never understood why the Primaries aren't held on the same date in every state, just like the final Presidential elections? I realize that there are probably good reasons for this---so the candidates can have time to go to the states whose votes are coming up, etc.
But, historically, why haven't primaries all been held the same day/date? Why are primaries considered so different from the November Elections?
2:58 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
Jeff says Oregon needs to "look out for itself." What does this mean? In order to answer this question, we have to ask ourselves whether moving to Feb. 5th will really increase Oregon's influence on the eventual primary outcome. My intuition is with Grant--Oregon is a small state, and while there may be a few flyover visits from candidates in California, we're likely to be ignored by all but the fringe (e.g. Kucinich) who believe they can do better in Oregon than nationwide due to our liberal leanings.
I just don't see the "huge" potential benefit that Kari is referring to.
I think the date / DNC issue is a red herring--Oregon has always counted its ballots as "cast" on election day (if you look at the state's responses to the 2004 election day survey, it reports 100% of ballots "cast" on election day because that is when we count them).
As to whether a relatively larger proportion of Oregonians will vote "early" vs. "late," I can't tell you. This is too new of a situation. I'd love to see some thoughts on this.
Kari, "absentee" voter polls are already old hat in CA and will certainly be conducted this campaign.
3:03 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
Kari, "absentee" voter polls are already old hat in CA and will certainly be conducted this campaign.
Really? Media outlets actually run polls on the universe of voters in California that have already turned in their ballots?
I didn't know that... If so, that proves my point: Media folks will be doing the same up here.
4:00 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
Paul, you've framed the question in terms of Oregon relative to other states: Oregon is a small state, and while there may be a few flyover visits from candidates in California, we're likely to be ignored by all but the fringe (e.g. Kucinich) who believe they can do better in Oregon than nationwide due to our liberal leanings.
But shouldn't we be comparing Oregon's February influence relative to its May influence? I have voted in four elections in which there was no Democratic incumbent, and in each case, the candidate I would have voted for had long since left the election. As a voter, this is really disenfranchizing. I don't actually give a fair fig wether we get lavished with attention, general-cycle-style, by the candidates. I'd just like my vote to count.
Furthermore, I believe Oregon could affect things. When we were debating this a few months back, I pointed out that many of the early states are GOP states. Given that candidates tend to tout "state wins," not delegate totals, Oregon could conceivably give momentum to the more progressive candidate.
4:28 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
So Kari, let me get this straight. We're gonna spend $2.8 million so that maybe some pollster might poll Oregonians before Feb. 5th to see how they say they voted as opposed to Californians say they will vote?
4:48 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
From what I can see, the DNC is quite serious about its threat to withhold delegates from Oregon if we move to Feb 5th. Even though other states with early voting/VBM will also be going early, it's not 100% of their voters. And the DNC sees that as the difference.
This has come up before and our people went to the DNC and fought for us. And the Rules Committee held its stance that we'd be penalized.
You think people feel disenfranchised now? How are they going to feel if their vote for president is merely a beauty pageant and means nothing - only the caucus votes do?
Don't get me wrong - I really, really, really want to be able to vote for my candidate. It was a huge pain in the ass not to be able to vote for my candidate in 2004 (Dean). I ended up voting for Kucinich in order to ensure a few delegates went that way.
The 2004 election was the first time I actually was voting in a primary where there was an actual contest for who the Dem candidate would be (Clinton was a no-brainer in 1996 and Gore in 2000). And when it came down to time to vote, we already knew who the candidate was.
But I also don't want to see Oregon penalized because we go to Feb 5.
4:57 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
We're gonna spend $2.8 million so that maybe some pollster might poll Oregonians before Feb. 5th to see how they say they voted as opposed to Californians say they will vote?
Actually, having sat through a legislative work session on this bill, the reasoning was...
We're going to spend $2.8 million so that Oregonians actually have a say in who the presidential candidates will be.
5:10 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
Excuse me Jenni, and all who support moving the voting date, but we will have the same say in who the presidential candidate will be regardless of when we vote. We are a small state when it comes to voting. The only possible way we make a bigger impact is if we vote after the big states vote and the result at that point is not settled. Then and only then do we get to play in the big leagues.
5:20 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
Actually, no we don't get the same say is in who the "presidential candidates" (my exact wording) will be regardless of when we vote.
We only get a say in who the "presidential candidates" (the Democrat and Republican selected by each party's process) if the nominees aren't already selected before we vote. As it was in 2004.
I'm not saying we should move to Feb 5 - I posted an item earlier about this. I'm just saying the $2.8 million is about more than pollsters, campaign jobs, and advertising dollars. It's about giving people a say in an election that isn't already decided long before we vote.
Like I said, I sat through the legislative work session on this bill. So I heard what House members on the Committee had to say about this bill. And it was definitely about giving people the same voting opportunity as other states - and that came from Ds and well as at least one R.
Jun 11, '07
What I can see is that Oregon can join the mob 2/5 and become a minor percentage player and lose its delegation without caucuses OR
We can hold our election on 5/20 and hope the election isn't over at that point, in which case we become rather more important.
I'm still trying to figure out the logic of moving, the gains touted seem so small versus the losses and considerably smaller than the benefit of being a player 5/20. Our delegation is small, that is a simple fact.
I trust our DNC representatives to aggressively and competently bring Oregon's case to the DNC if the election is moved forward. I also expect the DNC to be quite resistant to that move, this is exactly what they didn't want and we don't have the kind of population clout to make punishing us risky.
Jun 11, '07
I think small regional primaries are a god idea. For example, in '76 and '80, MA and RI voted right after NH, followed by SC, FL,AL,GA, before the industrial states and the west.
Then in '88 and '92, the south decided to hold a mega Super Tues. with 20 states voting on the same day. It was in '96 CA, OH, and other states decided to move up to early March, and now they've gone to Feb.
In the future, the DNC and RNC need to try to move the start date to late Feb so that we won't have such a delay between the primaries and the convention.
Jun 11, '07
Chuck has a point. Those of you who have never been involved in a presidential nominating process that is at all contested (1992 was really the most recent nomination at all really contested) need to think about your candidate and the sort of delegates selected in primary vs. caucus.
In a primary, if your candidate wins 40% of the vote, then you get roughly 40% of the delegates. Those delegates have historically been elected from a slate of people filing to run for delegate at the delegate selection conventions.
In a caucus, very organized people with considerable experience could be elected delegate whether or not their candidate won the primary. (A friend's Dad went to a Wash. state GOP caucus a couple decades ago and apparently was stunned by how organized the Pat Robertson for Pres. folks were).
Think very carefully about the assets and liabilities of moving the primary vs. keeping it as is. As unpredictable as this presidential campaign could become, being a later state might be a great thing if the candidates split support and no one was overwhelming winner in early Feb.
Jun 11, '07
There have been some comments taking about Oregon's small delegation. The only estimate of just how small, that I have heard, is that it might be about 1% of total delegates for the Democratic Party (I have no idea what it is on the Republican side). Notice that we have a relatively bigger impact in the general election than we do in the primaries.
One consideration about moving the presidential primary up I haven't heard a lot about is, what it will do to turnout in the May primary and races like Senate, Represenative, State legislature, et. al. Any significant effects?
9:22 p.m.
Jun 11, '07
Let's be clear: the value of a state election in the early going has nothing to do with delegates and everything to do with momentum. Winning Oregon doesn't matter to a candidate in terms of delegates (5), but for a non-mainstream candidate, winning a state could mean keeping a campaign alive.
That said, Chuck is on to something. The likelihood that we exit February 5 with no clear winner is high. We could easily have four candidates with a state, and three with several. So then things grind along, and all of a sudden, lil Oregon looks like a fine pearl. Could happen.
Chuck is wise to the way of politics, as always....
Jun 11, '07
Okay, so what if after 48 or 49 states have had their primaries, there still is no clear winner and it all come down to the final two? In the past few election cycles, one candidate has built up a speeding locomotive of momentum and steamrolled into the convention, but this year, and other years, could be quite different.
I say, let's have our primary last. Like batting clean up (well, yes, clean up isn't last, but the import might be the same).
Besides, then we would have a very short general election campaign and people might even pay attentio to it.
Jun 12, '07
Think very carefully about the assets and liabilities of moving the primary vs. keeping it as is. As unpredictable as this presidential campaign could become, being a later state might be a great thing if the candidates split support and no one was overwhelming winner in early Feb.
That was my point. Go for the third or fourth week in February. Or even the first week in March. And move all of our primaries to that date if we're looking for big voter turnout. We'll be early enough in the process to be important, assuming there's no clear winner on Super Duper Tuesday.
Or, heck, go to February 12; it'll be a few days after the Washington caucuses. Any candidates despeerately scrambling for delegates in Washington after Super Duper Tuesday will work Oregon as well.
But forget February 5th. We'll pretty much nullify our impact if we join the herd.
11:08 a.m.
Jun 12, '07
"But forget February 5th. We'll pretty much nullify our impact if we join the herd."
But the herd is Feb 5th; we'd be mid-January.
Jun 13, '07
Gil Johnson: I have a question for you about the Society of Native Oregon Born. I have searched this page for your email address or phone number to no avail.
If you could be so kind to email me, I would greatly appreciate it:
[email protected]
<h2>Thank you and I'm excited to be a new member of Blue Oregon.</h2>